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Medical Emergencies

Medical emergencies are calls where the problem is internal — no mechanism of injury, but something is going wrong inside the body. Apply the assessment framework from the previous section to each condition here.

Prerequisites: Pharmacology


Articles

Article Description
acs-chest-pain Aspirin 324 mg, nitroglycerin criteria, STEMI advance notification
respiratory-distress Intervention ladder: position → O2 → BVM; silent chest = impending arrest
asthma-copd Albuterol 5 mg nebulized; ipratropium adjunct; hypoxic drive caution in COPD
stroke Cincinnati/FAST, last known well time, Stroke Center transport; no ASA
diabetic-emergencies Oral glucose if alert and can swallow; glucometry; IV dextrose = ALS scope
anaphylaxis Epinephrine 0.3 mg IM; systemic vs. localized; biphasic reaction risk
seizure Airway protection, lateral positioning, glucometry, status epilepticus = ALS
altered-loc Glucometry first; differential: hypoglycemia, OD, stroke, trauma, cardiac
shock Recognize early (AMS + tachy + poor perfusion); O2, position, IV, priority transport
overdose-poisoning Naloxone for opioid OD; scene safety; Poison Control 800-222-1222
behavioral-psychiatric Scene safety, de-escalation, one provider; chemical restraint = ALS
abdominal-pain NPO, position of comfort, transport; AAA + hypotension = priority
syncope All syncope requires hospital; check BGL, cardiac monitor, rule out hemorrhage
environmental-emergencies Heat stroke: mist + fan; hypothermia: 60-sec pulse check, gentle handling; drowning: ABC
nausea-vomiting Lateral position; identify underlying cause; anti-emetics = ALS

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